Abstract
Background and objectives: The prevalence of obesity among adults has reached epidemic proportions in Latin America, placing large demands on health care systems. Research suggests cultural differences in body weight perceptions may be a barrier during the implementation of weight-loss strategies. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of weight misperception in Peruvian women and evaluate contributing factors. Materials and Methods: A total of 236 women were recruited in San Martín, northern Peru. Participants’ socio-demographic characteristics and attitudes towards their weight and health were collected. Self-perception of weight status was assessed with a 10-point scale and compared with measured body mass index (BMI). Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with underestimation of weight status. Results: A total of 65.2% of women were classified as overweight/obese by BMI, but only 15.2% perceived themselves so. A total of 70.4% of women underestimated their weight status and no incidence of overestimation was reported. Overweight and obese women were more likely to underestimate their weight status than normal weight women (OR (Odds Ratio): 34.24, 95% CI (Confidence Interval): 11.55–101.45; OR: 42.06, 95% CI: 11.17–158.32, respectively). Women who underestimated weight status felt more comfortable with their weight (59.3% vs. 20.6, p < 0.001) and agreed a large stomach is a sign of good health (40.7% vs. 5.9%, p < 0.001) versus those who correctly estimated. Conclusions: Underestimation of weigh status was highly prevalent and associated with unhealthy beliefs. Future public health programs must be culturally sensitive and tailored to specific groups within the population.
Highlights
The prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults has reached epidemic proportions worldwide, placing large demands on health care systems which must manage the burden of related non-communicable disease, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and some cancers [1]
(90.0%) than normal weight women (33.8%; p < 0.001, Table 2). These findings are in agreement with the results of a previous study in Peruvian cities, which found that one-third of normal weight participants considered themselves as underweight, and 38.0% and 89.0% of overweight and obese women, respectively, underestimated their weight [15]
The results add to the scarce literature on weight misperception and its determinants in upper middle-income countries and suggest that in a society undergoing a rapid economic and nutrition transition where obesity is highly prevalent, misperception of weight is commonplace
Summary
The prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults has reached epidemic proportions worldwide, placing large demands on health care systems which must manage the burden of related non-communicable disease, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and some cancers [1]. The global surge in excess weight has occurred rapidly: the prevalence of obesity increased from 3.2 to 10.8% in men and from 6.4 to 14.9% in women between 1975 and 2014 [2]. This pattern of increase is heterogeneous across the world, with rates of obesity currently rising much more rapidly in low- to upper middle-income countries (LMICs) than in developed countries [2]. The prevalence of obesity among adults has reached epidemic proportions in Latin America, placing large demands on health care systems. Results: A total of 65.2% of women were classified as overweight/obese by BMI, but only
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