Abstract
The article presents the design features of a number of spindle heads that ensure high accuracy of precision finishing and boring machines. The article describes the characteristics of the heads, spindle support devices, which increase the overall rigidity and damping of the spindle-bearing system. The basic designs of spindle heads, the relationships between design parameters are presented, and an analysis of their designs is also performed. Based on the processing of oscillograms of damped oscillations, the dependence of the logarithmic decrement of oscillations on their level was studied. Based on an experimental study of the characteristics of finishing and boring heads, the optimal values of the axial preload of the bearings were determined. It has been established that with increasing tension force, the oscillation decrement changes non-monotonically and has a maximum. This dependence is determined by the occurrence of linear resistance and dry friction forces in the dynamic system of the spindle assembly. Optimal tension values ensure maximum accuracy of the spindle assembly, and the temperature increase does not exceed 4...6°. We have found that creating a cavity at the free end of the console improves the dynamic quality of spindle assemblies with console tools. At the same time, the coefficients of dynamic disturbances in the spindle-boring bar system decrease. The work determines the influence of the cavity length on the coefficient of transfer of compensation from the front support to the cutter.Keywords: spindle head, bearing support, vibration decrement, rigidity, static and harmonic influence coefficients, tension forces
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