Mealtime beverage and food intake to satiation interacts with meal advancement in healthy young men and women

Abstract

Thirst, hunger, eating and drinking are closely interrelated. However, their interaction during meal progression and the impact of beverage type on this interrelationship have not been reported. In a randomized controlled study, 29 men and women (22 ± 0.4 years; 22 ± 0.3 kg/m2) consumed to satiation a pizza meal with one of water, 1% milk, regular cola, orange juice and diet cola. Mealtime food and fluid intake were measured within each of three 7‐min phases of the meal. A progressive decline occurred from phase 1 to 3 in fluid intake, averaging 59 ml, and food intake, averaging 268 kcal (P < 0.0001); however, the relative intake of fluid to food increased (P < 0.0001). Beverage type did not alter the overall association of fluid and food intake with meal progression. However, the effect of beverage type on fluid and food intake changed by phases of the meal. Although pizza intake was similar with all beverages averaging 932 kcal, the amount of fluid consumed was higher with orange juice than diet cola during phases 1 (P = 0.01) and 2 (P < 0.001) of the meal. Caloric beverages led to higher mealtime total energy intake compared to water (P < 0.001) and diet cola (P < 0.0001), during all three phases of the meal. Baseline thirst, but not appetite, correlated with fluid (r = 0.277; P = 0.001) and food (r = 0.163; P = 0.050) intake. In conclusion, meal progression was a major determinant of the relationship between mealtime beverage and food intake.Supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada‐Collaborative Research and Development, Dairy Farmers of Ontario and Kraft Canada Inc.