Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the viability and total protein contents of osteoblast-like cells on the titanium surface with different surface mechanical treatment, namely, nanometer smoothing (Ra: approximately 2.0 nm) and sandblasting (Ra: approximately 1.0 μm), and biochemical treatment, namely, with or without fibronectin immobilization. Fibronectin could be easily immobilized by tresyl chloride-activation technique. MC3T3-E1 cells were seeded on the different titanium surfaces. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. At 1 day of cell culture, there were no significant differences in cell viability among four different titanium surfaces. At 11 days, sandblasted titanium surface with fibronectin immobilization showed the significantly highest cell viability than other titanium surface. No significant differences existed for total protein contents among four different titanium surfaces at 11 days of cell culture. Scanning electron microscopy observation revealed that smoothness of titanium surface produced more spread cell morphologies, but that fibronectin immobilization did not cause any changes of the morphologies of attached cells. Fibronectin immobilization provided greater amount of the number of attached cells and better arrangement of attached cells. In conclusion, the combination of sandblasting and fibronectin immobilization enhanced the cell viability and fibronectin immobilization providing better arrangements of attached cells.
Highlights
Various mechanical and chemical surface modifications of titanium dental implants, such as blasting, alkaline treatment, or hydroxyapatite coating, have been reported for improving the bone response during healing process [1,2,3,4]
Cell adhesive protein could be immobilized onto titanium surface through ionic interaction as shown in Figure 1, which was confirmed by quarts-crystal
We aimed to evaluate cell viability of MC3T3-E1 and total protein content on the abovementioned four different titanium surfaces, as a series of our experiments
Summary
Various mechanical and chemical surface modifications of titanium dental implants, such as blasting, alkaline treatment, or hydroxyapatite coating, have been reported for improving the bone response during healing process [1,2,3,4]. Several methods for covalent immobilization of cell adhesive proteins have been reported. Hayakawa et al reported an easy and simple method for the immobilization of cell adhesive proteins onto a titanium surface, which was named the tresyl chlorideactivated method [11, 12]. This method was a modified version of the method reported by Nilsson and Mosbach [13]. Cell adhesive protein could be immobilized onto titanium surface through ionic interaction as shown, which was confirmed by quarts-crystal Cell adhesive protein could be immobilized onto titanium surface through ionic interaction as shown in Figure 1, which was confirmed by quarts-crystal
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