Abstract
A numerical model has been developed to predict the velocity distribution and the concentration distribution for a nonuniform flocculated particle suspension for turbulent density stratified flow in secondary clarifiers. This model consists of a set of conservation equations for fluid mass and momentum and sediment concentration as well as a relationship for solids settling velocity. The turbulent stresses are calculated using the eddy-viscosity concept and the k-ε turbulence model. Since the strong local numerical instabilities near the reaction baffle lip, where the low-solids concentration surface return flow joins the high solids concentration bottom current, was successfully overcome in the iterative solution procedure, the calculation zone in this investigation can be extended to take into account the inlet zone of the clarifier. The model gave a satisfactory description of the influence of the density variations on the hydraulic regime and the solids concentration distribution in the clarifier. A good agreement was obtained between the experimental data and the numerical simulation. Key words: clarifier, numerical model, density stratification, turbulence.
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