Mathematical Modeling of Salt Lens Formation Process in the Cathode Assembly of Aluminum Electrolysis Cells

Anton Orlov,Alexander Proshkin

doi:10.1051/matecconf/20167201091

Abstract

In this paper, with the help of mathematical modeling we investigate growth under saline lens bottom blocks of the cathode aluminum cell. The penetration of the melt in the hearth of the cathode of the device is one of the main causes of premature shutdown of cells, because it leads to excessive heat loss and destruction of the hearth. The study was built mathematical model of unsteady filtration and heat the porous body with an incompressible viscous fluid. With the help of the developed mathematical model we studied the dynamics of growth of the lens. Research has identified the rate of melt penetration into the hearth of the cathode unit in the course of its life. The calculation results were compared with the field data.

Highlights

IntroductionOne of the key mechanisms is the formation of the salt of the lens between the bottom blocks and refractory material
Lifting bottom blocks in industrial aluminum cell caused by several mechanisms
Mechanical disruption of the cathode blocks, leading to stop electrolysis will occur if overpressure exceeds the strength of the porous material

Summary

Introduction

One of the key mechanisms is the formation of the salt of the lens between the bottom blocks and refractory material The growth of this lens leads to accelerate the erosion of the cathode blocks and decrease the life of the cell. The mechanism of their formation is not fully understood, but the main reason is probably the reaction between the liquid electrolyte is filtered through pores with carbon and molten aluminum, have got through the cracks [1]. Mechanical disruption of the cathode blocks, leading to stop electrolysis will occur if overpressure exceeds the strength of the porous material. Along with this ascent of the cathode blocks may cause substantial deformation of blooms. The greatest deformation normally occur at the point where the blooms coming out of the bottom blocks and where there is a high enough temperature to make deformable steel [2, 3]

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