Abstract
Injuries sustained during childbirth can have a devastating effect on the emotional and physical wellbeing of a woman and childbirth is a major aetiological factor in the development of prolapse and disturbance in bowel and bladder function. Identification of risk factors can identify means of preventing such injury. Preferential use of the vacuum extractor, restricting the use of episiotomy, repair of anal sphincter rupture by a trained doctor and selective Caesarean section in these women are some factors that can be beneficial. More focused training in anal sphincter anatomy and repair is clearly needed to minimize the morbidity associated with missed tears and inadequate repair.
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