Abstract
The maternal causes of dystocia in cattle and buffaloes are analyzed. Uterine torsion appears to be the most frequent maternal cause of dys-tocia in buffaloes whereas improper cervical dilation appears to be more frequent maternal cause of dystocia in cattle. Failure of uterine expulsive forces (Uterine Inertia) and neo-plasm’s of vagina, vulva and uterus are com-monly seen in cows and buffaloes. The various maternal causes of dystocia in cattle and buf-faloes and their management are described.
Highlights
Amongst all domestic animals, cattle and buffalo are considered the species in which the incidence of dystocia appears to be highest
All the above differences between cows and buffaloes point out that the parturition process is much easier in the river buffalo compared to cows and Jainudeen [3], considers that dystocia is not a serious problem in the water buffalo
Submucus vaginal tumours are uncommon in cattle and buffaloes, leiomyomas [37,13], sqamous cell carcinoma [38,13], perivaginal granuloma [39], lipoma [40], fibroma [38] and fibroleiomyoma of vagina [41], have been reported but seldom seen clinically during dystocia
Summary
Cattle and buffalo are considered the species in which the incidence of dystocia appears to be highest. Cattle and buffaloes appear to be similar in the parturition process but subtle differences are known to be existent in the anatomy and physiology of the birth canal between cows and buffaloes. The differences in the genital structures include tightly downward curled uterine horns, less conspicuous shorter and narrower cervix, smaller and less tight vagina and elongated and wide apart vulvar lips in the buffalo [2]. All the above differences between cows and buffaloes point out that the parturition process is much easier in the river buffalo compared to cows and Jainudeen [3], considers that dystocia is not a serious problem in the water buffalo. In cows the incidence of dystocia is higher compared to that in heifers [8,9,10]
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