Abstract
4. Results A total of 60 pregnant women with cardiac disease were included in the study. Incidence of cardiac disease at our Centre was 0.4%. Of the 60 patients, majority of patients were in the age group of 21-25 years (48.3%) and 21.7% belonged to 26-30 years (as shown in table-1). Abstract: To evaluate the maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancies, complicated by cardiac disease in a developing country. Material and Method: A retrospective analysis was carried out in 60 pregnant women with cardiac disease from June 2013 to June 2004 at a tertiary centre in Kolar. Results: In the present study, the incidence of cardiac disease was 0.4%, out of which 33.3% were Congenital Heart Diseases and 66.7% were Rheumatic Heart Diseases. Mitral stenosis was seen in 51.3% of cases, mitral regurgitation alone was seen in 7.8% and with mitral stenosis in 35.9%. Anemia was seen in 50% of cases, pre-eclampsia in 23.7% and preterm labor in 18.4%.Spontaneous vaginal delivery was seen in 50%, induced in 5%, instrumental deliveries in 16.6% and cesarean in 28.4%. Surgical correction for cardiac disease was done in 24 patients (40%) of which 6 were during pregnancy. Cardiac complications were noted in 8 patients, of which 6 had CCF, 1 had pulmonary edema and one had atrial fibrillation. The incidence of small for gestational age was 28.3%. Maternal mortality was 3.3% and perinatal mortality was 6.6%. Conclusions: Heart disease in pregnancy is a high risk condition and has a major impact on pregnancy. Rheumatic heart disease was the predominant cardiac problem in pregnancy. Associated obstetric complications along with lack of knowledge and ignorance regarding the pathology lead to unpleasant obstetric outcome. Maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality can be reduced with proper antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal care in conjunction with cardiologist and neonatologist.
Highlights
IntroductionCardiac output increases by 30-50% during pregnancy and a further increase during labor and delivery imposes a burden on the diseased heart leading to complications and death
Cardiac diseases complicate 1% of pregnancies, the commonest being rheumatic heart disease.1Heart disease during pregnancy is a challenge to obstetricians as common clinical features of cardiac lesions like breathlessness, pedal edema, and murmurs mimic normal pregnancy posing a diagnostic difficulty.[1,2,3,4]
Development of obstetric complications like pre-eclampsia, anemia, pre-term labor, and fetal growth restriction are commonly seen in patients with heart disease, that further worsen the outcome and complicate the management
Summary
Cardiac output increases by 30-50% during pregnancy and a further increase during labor and delivery imposes a burden on the diseased heart leading to complications and death. Increasing number of women with cardiac disease is reaching the reproductive age due to the modern therapeutic options and these patients are attempting pregnancy multiple times due to improved availability of life saving modern therapy.[6]. Development of obstetric complications like pre-eclampsia, anemia, pre-term labor, and fetal growth restriction are commonly seen in patients with heart disease, that further worsen the outcome and complicate the management. It is essential to thoroughly evaluate patients for underlying cardiovascular disease in order to provide optimal care during pregnancy that plays a major role in the outcome.[7]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
