Maternal and fetal characteristics in pregnancies complicated with gestational diabetes

Abstract

Introduction. The study aimed to identify complications, risk factors and maternal and fetal follow-up associated with gestational diabetes. Materials and method. We ana­lyzed 80 patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes, com­pared to 20 patients who did not have this pathology, all of them being hospitalized at the “Bucur” Maternity, Bu­charest. Results. The most frequently used treatment (in 87.5% of cases) to control gestational diabetes was diet-based. The majority (82.5%) of pregnant women with ges­ta­tio­nal diabetes gave birth by caesarean section, the most frequent indication being caesarean scar (26.25%). The incidence of premature births in the diabetic group was 11.25%. With a higher incidence compared to patients with­out gestational diabetes, iron deficiency anemia (77.5%) and arterial hypertension (27.5%) were also ob­served. Neonatal respiratory distress had an incidence of 12.5%. Conclusions. According to this study, women with gestational diabetes and their newborns have clinical com­plications during pregnancy. Early diagnosis can prevent and alleviate the possible complications.