MATERIALS AND ANTICORROSION DEVELOPMENTS IN OFFSHORE AND SUBSEA OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION

Abstract

The development of hydrocarbon resources of the continental shelf of the Russian Federation and especially its Arctic part and the Far East is the largest infrastructure project based on unique proven oil and gas reserves. The continental shelf of Russia is a large national hydrocarbon reserve, which can provide up to 25% of Russian oil and up to 30% of Russian gas. The most difficult reserves represent difficult development conditions - high pressure and low temperatures, may be in deep water or arctic regions. As oil resources become more and more heterogeneous, an expansion of various methods of extraction and processing is required, including in extreme conditions, at high pressures in aggressive marine environments and low temperatures. An integrated field development method allows maintaining a high level of hydrocarbon production for a long time, reducing costs by optimizing the resources used and using a common infrastructure. In the long term, the presence of production facilities and service bases near the Arctic shelf will allow solving multidisciplinary tasks that affect various segments and areas, such as engineering and technology, environmental protection, and others. The review article discusses the factors affecting the resistance of oil and gas pipelines to corrosion in the marine environment, the issues of hardening and alloying corrosion-resistant alloys for use in the marine and underwater environment while expanding the boundaries of the use of traditional technical alloys, as well as further study of the mechanisms of corrosion and crack propagation, which can lead to equipment failure and destruction. The study of nanoscale corrosion analyzed in this article can have a profound impact on the degradation characteristics of materials applicable to the entire industry.