Abstract

 Since 2014, the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries has started to initate the development of MPA Network in several provinces in Indonesia. The objective of this study is to provide scientific recommendations to the government and stakeholders on MPA Network design that maximizes the ecological functions, protects critical marine habitats and maintains fisheries stocks. Multi-stages spatial analysis and larva connectivity modelling using the best available data in a provincial level were applied. Until December 2015, Maluku Province had seven MPAs with a total of 288,414 ha. Based on spatial analysis, those MPAs had good Replication of critical habitats, but low Representation of critical habitats (3,8% from 20% of ideal representation percentage) that were protected within MPAs. Besides that, only five out of seven MPAs that were connected, i.e. the distance between MPAs is less than 100 km, meanwhile the other two MPAs were isolated from other MPAs. Maluku Province also had several nodes of strong larva connectivity values. This study demonstates the potential to develop an MPA Network in Maluku Province under these several considerations: (1) build new MPAs in several locations such as Buru Island, Maluku Barat Daya, Aru Islands, etc. (2) enlarge the existing MPAs, especially the small size MPAs, and (3) strengthen the roles and functions of management bodies in each MPA and promote an integrated management plan development with all MPA management bodies.
 
 
 Keywords
 MPA Network, Maluku Province, 3K (Representation, Replication and Connectivity), Larva Connectivity
Highlights
Semenjak 2014, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan mulai menginisiasi pembentukan jejaring Kawasan Konservasi Perairan (KKP) di beberapa lokasi di Indonesia
The objective of this study is to provide scientific recommendations to the government and stakeholders on MPA Network design that maximizes the ecological functions, protects critical marine habitats and maintains fisheries stocks
Scientific Design of a Resilient Network of Marine Protected Areas
Summary
Indonesia menargetkan terbentuknya 20 juta hektar Kawasan Konservasi Perairan (KKP) sampai dengan tahun 2020 untuk melindungi keanekaragaman hayati laut. Hingga Desember 2016, sebanyak 165 KKP telah dibangun dengan total luasan mencapai 17,98 juta hektar Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri No 13 tahun 2014, jejaring KKP didefinisikan sebagai kerjasama pengelolaan 2 (dua) atau lebih kawasan konservasi perairan secara sinergis yang memiliki keterkaitan biofisik. KKP yang letaknya berdekatan akan mendapatkan manfaat dari adanya jejaring, diantaranya melalui pengefektifan upaya dalam memenuhi target pengelolaan, peningkatan daya tahan dan daya lenting ekosistem dari dampak bencana (PISCO, 2007), penggunaan sumber daya laut yang lebih efisien Hingga Desember 2016, inisiasi pembentukan jejaring KKP telah dilakukan di beberapa lokasi di Indonesia, diantaranya Bentang Laut Kepala Burung (Provinsi Papua Barat), Bentang Laut. Desain yang dibangun memiliki tujuan untuk membentuk jejaring KKP yang tangguh, yaitu yang memiliki keterkaitan biofisik serta daya tahan dan daya lenting yang tinggi. Penelitian ini mengambil studi kasus di Provinsi Maluku karena memiliki pembelajaran unik, dimana jumlah KKP yang masih relatif sedikit sementara memiliki kepentingan konservasi yang relatif tinggi
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