Abstract
Marine durability of 30-year-old concrete specimens made with ordinary portland cement (OPC), high early strength portland cement (HES), moderate heat portland cement (MH), slag cement of type B (SCB), and alumina cement (AL) was investigated. Other parameters include sulfate content in cement, mixing water, and different exposure zones. Compressive strength, chloride ingress, corrosion of steel bars in concrete, microstructure, mineralogy of concrete, and steel-matrix and aggregate-matrix interfaces were investigated. Chloride ingress in concrete was sequenced as OPC, HES, MH > SCB > AL. However, for AL mixed with tap water, corrosion on steel bars in concrete was higher. For SCB and AL, the pore volume at the outer region of the specimensis reduced due to the ingress of chloride and other ions from seawater.
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