Abstract
Osteoporosis with its accompanying decrease in bone mass is widely recognized as a major public heath problem. Food and nutritional factors may play a role in the prevention of bone loss with aging. This, however, is poorly understood. Among marine algae of Undaria pinnatifida, Sargassum horneri, Eisenia bicyclis, Cryptonemia scmitziana, Gelidium amansii, and Ulva pertusa Kjellman that were gathered seasonally, Sargassum horneri (S. horneri) was found to reveal a unique anabolic effect on bone. S. horneri active component revealed a stimulatory effect on osteoblastic bone formation and a suppressive effect on osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro, thereby increasing bone mass. Moreover, S. horneri active component suppressed adipogenesis in bone marrow cells in vitro. Intake of S. horneri active component revealed a preventive effect on bone loss in animal models for type 1 diabetes. Moreover, intake of S. horneri active component was demonstrated to reveal anabolic effects on bone metabolism in healthy human. S. horneri active component, a new osteogenic factor, may be a useful in the improvement of obese diabetic osteoporosis.
Highlights
Bone is a dynamic tissue that preserves skeletal size, shape, and structural integrity and regulates mineral homeostasis
Bone homeostasis is maintained through a balance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption
S. horneri active component blocked PTHinduced increase in acid phosphatase activity in the diaphyseal and metaphyseal tissues [33]. These findings indicate that S. horneri active component has a direct suppressive effect on bone resorption in tissue culture in vitro
Summary
Bone is a dynamic tissue that preserves skeletal size, shape, and structural integrity and regulates mineral homeostasis. There is growing evidence that the supplementation of nutritional and food factors may have preventive effects on bone loss that is induced in animal model of osteoporosis and in human subjects [912]. Functional factors in food and plants, which regulate on bone homeostasis, have been to be worthy of notice in maintaining of bone health and prevention of bone loss with increasing age [13,14,15]. Sargassum horneri, Eisenia bicyclis, Cryptonemia scmitziana, Gelidium amansii, and Ulva pertusa Kjellman are applied as food materials Among these marine algae, Sargassum horneri (S. horneri) was found to have a unique anabolic effect on bone [16]. Intake of S. horneri active component revealed a preventive effect on bone loss in animal models for type 1 diabetes [18]. This review has been written to outline our recent advances that have been made concerning preventive effects of S. horneri active component on osteoporosis
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