MapSDI: A Scaled-Up Semantic Data Integration Framework for Knowledge Graph Creation

Abstract

Semantic web technologies have significantly contributed with effective solutions for the problems of data integration and knowledge graph creation. However, with the rapid growth of big data in diverse domains, different interoperability issues still demand to be addressed, being scalability one of the main challenges. In this paper, we address the problem of knowledge graph creation at scale and provide MapSDI, a mapping rule-based framework for optimizing semantic data integration into knowledge graphs. MapSDI allows for the semantic enrichment of large-sized, heterogeneous, and potentially low-quality data efficiently. The input of MapSDI is a set of data sources and mapping rules being generated by a mapping language such as RML. First, MapSDI pre-processes the sources based on semantic information extracted from mapping rules, by performing basic database operators; it projects out required attributes, eliminates duplicates, and selects relevant entries. All these operators are defined based on the knowledge encoded by the mapping rules which will be then used by the semantification engine (or RDFizer) to produce a knowledge graph. We have empirically studied the impact of MapSDI on existing RDFizers, and observed that knowledge graph creation time can be reduced on average in one order of magnitude. It is also shown, theoretically, that the sources and rules transformations provided by MapSDI are data-lossless.