Abstract
The Paris Agreement adopted at COP21 states that it is necessary to reduce 55 GtCO2-eq that is anticipated in 2030 to 40 GtCO2-eq in order to keep the global average temperature rise within 2 °C based on before industrialization. Moreover, we should peak out GHG emissions worldwide as quickly as possible, and should aim to achieve a well-balanced artificial discharge and absorption in the second half of the century. Estimates under diverse assumptions suggest that the total global emissions should be 55 GtCO2-eq in 2025 and 56.2 GtCO2-eq in 2030. However, this is insufficient for achieving the second goal (56.2 GtCO2-eq). Improvement pressure on high emission countries such as Japan tends to increase in the process where improvement of Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) is required at the stocktaking meeting of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). In the future, important factors for promoting global warming countermeasures are investment not only from public sector but also private sector for emission reduction measures and cost burden method associated with carbon emissions. Although Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is attracting attention, as one of the technologies that can contribute to achieving the climate goal, the investment cost is high and its development is difficult. The major reasons for the difficulty of deployment are not only the cost but also the impacts derived from deployment of the CCS technologies (CCSTs). In order to develop and expand CCSTs as a promising solution towards low-carbon development, it is essential to improve the social and economic environment such as institutional and funding mechanisms that support development of CCS projects. Since CCS technologies are expensive, in addition to CCTs, it is desirable to develop financial support schemes.
Published Version
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