Maori Scientists Experiences of Work: The Cultural Double-Shift and the Drivers and Consequences

Abstract

This paper explores Maori, the indigenous people of New Zealand, and the role that cultural factors play on work experiences of Maori Scientists, given their limited number but growing legislated sector demands around cultural engagement. This paper seeks to understand the drivers and consequences of the unique pressures and demands on their work time. In study one, we interviewed 12 Maori scientists around their work experiences which identified cultural factors as a significant job-related pressures and themes around whakawhanaungatanga (relationship management), kawenga (responsibilities), and taumaha (workload). In study two, we used a three-wave study design with a large cohort of Maori Scientists and find commonality with study one themes, but also more detailed themes emerged around aheinga tangata (human capacity), tikanga (correct practice), hauora (wellbeing) and umanga takaware (career disruption). Ultimately, we classify these pressures as mahi-rua (cultural double-shift) whereby Maori Scientists feel they must work two roles (work and culture) to do their job properly. The consequences are detrimental towards wellbeing and career. Finally, using study two data and a third study examining job descriptions/contracts, we find limited employer support for adequate engagement in cultural roles. We discuss the implications for employers and the sector.