Manufacture And Characterization Of Hydroxyapatite From Quail Eggshell Using Precipitation Methods

Abstract

Abstract — Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a biomaterial used to treat bone defects. The utilization of HA in medicine is currently significantly increased this is because HA has high biocompatibility properties when used as a bone graft. Various kinds of bone grafts from HA are currently available in the market. However, its use is often bumped at a high price and is an imported product. This will ultimately increase the burden of financing that must be borne by hospitals and the government . HA sources can be obtained through extraction from natural products, such as eggshells. The purpose of this study was the creation and characterization of hydroxyapatite from quail egg shells using precipitation methods. The research stage consists of 4 stages, Stage 1 is the calcination of quail egg shells so that CaO compounds are obtained. Stage 2 is the synthesis of HA compounds from CaO compounds produced in the previous stage using wet precipitation or deposition methods. Stage 3 is sintering HA compounds produced in the previous stage using a furnace for five hours at a temperature of 900 o C. Stage 4 is the characterization of the HA compounds produced. The characterization is done using XRD and SEM. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu Efisiensi dari senyawa HA yang dihasilkan sebesar 52,34%. Based on the characterization carried out using XRD it was obtained that the HA compound was successfully synthesized this is characterized by the peak of the quail eggshell difaktogram that is the same as the peak of the standard HA difractogram which is found at an angle of 2θ: 26.00 o C, 31.90 o C, 32.31 o C, 33.02 o C, 34.19 o C, 46.81 o C, 49.59 o C with the crystal phase and the size of the lattice parameters, namely the lattice a = b = 9.4234 A and c = 6.8801 A. But in addition to the peak of HA there are also other peaks that show the existence of the impurities phase at 2θ : 10.01°, 21.85°, and 53.01°. Based on SEM characterization found that the size of the resulting HA particles is not homogeneous, meaning that there is a difference in the smallest particles with a size of 1,497 μm and there are the largest particles with a size of 60.98 μm. If observed the shape of a single particle tends to be round (Shperical). Thus it was concluded that the manufacture and characterization of hydroxyapatite from quail egg shells using precipitation methods has been successfully carried out. Keywords— hydroxyapatite; quail egg shell; precipitation; bone defects