Abstract
Introduction Tympanoplasty consists of a series of operative procedures, which not only eliminate chronic infections of the middle ear completely but also improve hearing. The purposes of tympanoplastic procedures are the elimination of inflammatory processes and postinflammatory changes in the middle ear in order to diminish ear discharge and to obtain dry ear and the reconstruction of the damaged sound-conduction mechanism in order to facilitate sound conduction to the inner ear and restore the hearing. In our experience there are cases where tympanoplasty failed to eliminate the inflammatory processes or to restore hearing in chronic otitis media. I have, therefore, clinically observed these cases of failure in order to clarify manipulation of the labyrinth windows and their surroundings and assure accomplishment of both aims of tympanoplasty. Material I examined 242 tympanoplasty cases operated on by us for chronic middle ear suppuration from October, 1957, to November, 1958. The cases included
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