Abstract

ON September 21, this year, I anchored the steam yacht Mallard near the mouth of Loch Fyne, in 104 fathoms, for the purpose of making physical and chemical observations on the water of this, the deepest part of the Firth of Clyde. When the anchor was got up a large mass of clay and shells was found sticking to one of the flukes. It was gently dried, and on examining it I observed a number of nodular concretions, which, on being freed from the surrounding clay, presented a finely mammillated black surface, were easily cut with a knife, giving a brownish-black powder, which liberated chlorine from strong hydrochloric acid, and possessed all the properties of peroxide of manganese; in short, they were identical with the manganese nodules which we found in the Challenger to form so important a constituent of the sea-bottom in the greatest depths.

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