Abstract
In this experimental approach, we explored the structures, morphologies, phototoxicities, and antibacterial activities of undoped and Mn-doped ceria nanocomposite materials, MnxCe1−xO2. The MnxCe1−xO2 nanocomposites were synthesized by employing a soft chemical route. Our prime focus was on the influence of different factors, both physical and chemical, i.e., the concentration of manganese in the product, size of the nanocomposite, drug dose, and incubation time, on the bacterial strains. Different bacterial strains were selected as experimental biological models of the antibacterial activity of the manganese-doped cerium oxide nanocomposite. In addition to the photodynamic response, the adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) was also studied. Based on cell viability losses and bacterial inhibition analyses, the precise mechanisms of apoptosis or necrosis of 5-ALA/PpIX-exposed MCF-7 cells under 630 nm red lights and under dark conditions were elucidated. It was observed that the undoped nanocomposites had lower cytotoxicities and inhibitions compared with those of the doped nanocomposites towards pathogens. The antibacterial activity and effectiveness for photodynamic therapy were enhanced in the presence of the manganese-doped ceria nanocomposite, which could be attributed to the correlation of the maximum reactive oxygen species generation for targeted toxicity and maximum antioxidant property in bacteria growth inhibition. The optimized cell viability dose and doping concentration will be beneficial for treating cancer and bacterial infections in the future.
Highlights
Metal oxide-based nanomaterials (NMs) are currently popular in multidisciplinary applications
Several recent studies have demonstrated that cerium oxide NMs have anti-inflammatory, noninvasive, unique electronic configuration, and oxidative stress features. is results in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the microvascular stage level owing to their natural
MnxCe1− xO2 nanocomposites were successfully prepared by a facile chemical coprecipitation method
Summary
Metal oxide-based nanomaterials (NMs) are currently popular in multidisciplinary applications. Owing to their biosafe nature, NMs have excellent anticancer and antibiotic properties [1]. Metal oxide nanoparticles with rare earth compounds have potential applications in industry and at commercial levels, e.g., as polishing agents, sunscreen compounds, fuel cell, sensors, and catalysts in automobiles. E generation of singlet oxygen is the cause of malignant cell proliferation owing to a higher concentration level of free toxic radicals of oxygen and hydroxyl ions [9]. Is results in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the microvascular stage level owing to their natural. It has been observed that the generation of ROS depends on the level of defects caused by oxygen vacancies in the crystal structure of the nanoparticles. Metal ion doping is an effective and easy tool used to modify the electronic, optical, magnetic, and biomedical features [12]
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