Manejo anestésico en una paciente previamente diagnosticada de síndrome de takotsubo

Abstract

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (transient apical ballooning of the left ventricle) is a recently described and often underdiagnosed entity. The syndrome is observed predominately in postmenopausal women and the clinical signs are similar to those of an acute anterior myocardial infarction. In most of the reported cases an emotional or physical stress event has been identified as a trigger, and perioperative stress has been suggested as the trigger in some of these cases. Outcome is favorable with the right treatment, though recurrences are possible. We report the anesthetic management of a 79-year-old woman with a previously diagnosed episode of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, who was admitted to our hospital for total hip replacement. Care was taken to provide proper preoperative sedation before provision of hyperbaric spinal anesthesia, followed by sedation with intravenous propofol. Surgery and the early postoperative period were uneventful. We believe that minimizing perioperative anxiety should be a priority in these patients due to the possibility that a catecholamine discharge might trigger an episode of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.