Managing Knowledge and Learning in it Projects: A Conceptual Framework and Guidelines for Practice

Abstract

This paper presents a framework identifying the key areas within IT projects where knowledge-based risks occur. These risks include a failure to learn from past projects, competence of the project team, problems in integrating and transferring knowledge, lack of a knowledge map, and volatility in governance. The model was compiled through an extensive literature search encompassing project management, information systems, software development, and team learning literatures. This framework was then tested and modified through a field study of 15 senior project managers from North America and New Zealand. Analysis of the interviews from the field study resulted in a set of five broad principles of knowledge management within projects. These principles relate to a climate for learning, knowledge levels, knowledge channels, team memory, and knowledge risks. Practices suggested by the interviewees accompany each principle.