Abstract
The use of emerging technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, and Big Data, is increasing as tools to assist the management of data and information related to energy systems grow. This allows for greater flexibility, scalability of solutions, optimization of energy use, and management of energy devices. In this sense, the objective of this research is to present the basic elements and requirements for the energy cloud and its management and discuss the main management challenges and opportunities for the development and diffusion of the energy cloud. This study was based on a systematic review carried out to identify the elements that compose the energy cloud and what is necessary for its management, and to list the challenges and opportunities that may be explored by researchers and practitioners. The results show that the layout for the energy cloud and its management can be structured in layers and management support blocks’ format. It was found that 70 basic elements make up the main layers and 36 basic elements make up the management support blocks. The findings of this article also provide insights into the technical, scientific, and management development necessary for the evolution of energy systems toward the cloud computing environment.
Highlights
Electricity is the main energy carrier used worldwide for residential, commercial, and industrial processes, alongside fuels and heat [1]
Research has been done to integrate the Internet of Things (IoT) with cloud computing to create an environment for energy management [27], where new value-added services related to energy are offered, which facilitate the integration of various energy sources and the automatic control of system operation [21]
The Energy Cloud offers the technical and economic conditions to support the generation of distributed energy and the activation of demand response programs based on four main premises [7]: (i) new regulations on electricity generation, (ii) the decrease in the cost of distributed energy resource technologies, (iii) energy consumers, which are becoming more active and receptive to the problem of electricity consumption, and (iv) the development of smart grid infrastructure is already mature enough to support the digitalization of the energy grid
Summary
Electricity is the main energy carrier used worldwide for residential, commercial, and industrial processes, alongside fuels and heat [1]. This article was motivated by the rapid development of technological aspects related to the acquisition, supervision, monitoring, control, and manipulation of data and information from installations for the generation, distribution, storage, and consumption of electricity, which allows management of these aspects in an interactive and real-time environment. In this sense, there is a need to systematize basic elements and requirements, which relates them and connects them appropriately, pointing out the main points that need special attention so that this technological integration can be achieved to benefit all users of energy systems.
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