Man shall not live by bread alone: the role of perceived emotional support in low-income adults' health outcomes.

Abstract

Adults with low income have limited access to valuable health resources thus presenting a major obstacle to improving their health. Although there are diverse health enhancement programs for low-income populations, relatively few focus on emotional support despite the positive impact of perceived emotional support on health. This study examines the interaction of perceived emotional support and income on the overall health status and psychological well-being of adults with low income. Secondary data were collected from the Health Information National Trends Survey (Cycle 4). A total of 3677 respondents completed the survey, including 889 adults with low income, as determined by their eligibility for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). Ordinary-least square hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to test main and interaction effects. Perceived emotional support moderated the relationship between SNAP eligibility and health outcomes. Lacking an emotional support network has greater detrimental effects on the overall health and psychological well-being of people with low income compared to similar persons with higher income. These findings suggest the need for health programs that enhance access to emotional support for adults with low income.