Abstract
<dm:abstracts xmlns:dm="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/dm/dtd"><ce:abstract xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" view="all" class="author" id="aep-abstract-id1"><ce:section-title>Publisher Summary</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec view="all" id="aep-abstract-sec-id1"><ce:simple-para id="fsabs076" view="all">This chapter reviews the glyphosate. Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum, post-emergent systemic herbicide with activity on essentially all annual and perennial plants. Glyphosate is poorly absorbed both dermally and via oral exposure, and it is not biotransformed. It has been shown that glyphosate does not bioaccumulate. Animal studies indicate that glyphosate is essentially nontoxic via acute oral and dermal exposure, and that glyphosate salts are nonirritating to the eyes and skin. Glyphosate does not produce dermal sensitization in guinea pigs. In repeated dose studies in laboratory animals, treatment-related effects included reduced body weight gain, increased liver weights, degenerative ocular lens changes, and microscopic liver changes, but only at very high dose levels. Glyphosate-based formulations are used worldwide in virtually every phase of agricultural, industrial, silvicultural, and residential weed control. Due to low solubility in water, glyphosate is typically formulated into commercial products in the form of a salt. Large amounts of glyphosate-based herbicides are occasionally deliberately ingested to attempt suicide and may result in serious gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and possibly death. Glyphosate has very low acute toxicity and is not mutagenic.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></dm:abstracts>
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