Abstract
Blue flowers of the garden lupin Russell hybrids contain delphinidin 3-(6″-malonylglucoside), whereas pink flowers contain the corresponding cyanidin and pelargonidin derivatives in a 1:3 ratio. Blue flowers also contain large amounts of apigenin 7-(6″-malonylglucoside) and small amounts of the luteolin analogue. The structure of the apigenin conjugate was unambiguously established by 2D NMR techniques. It is proposed that blue flower colour in lupin is due to copigmentation of the two malonylated glucosides of delphinidin and apigenin, possibly linked in vivo covalently through a common malonic acid residue.
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