Abstract
The public health reform in Chile resulted in changes in working conditions and organization of health centers.To examine the presence of psychophysiological symptoms in professionals of public hospitals in the Metropolitan Region and their association with current working conditions.A questionnaire of quality of working life was applied to a sample of 80 physicians and 110 nurses. The questionnaire considers scales and open questions.Nurses had a higher level of discomfort than physicians (p < 0.01) and had significantly higher scores for emotional distress, physical fatigue, digestive disorders, headache, insomnia, back pain and muscle tension (p < 0.01). There were statistically significant negative correlations between psychophysiological distress and working conditions (r = -0.418), social climate (r = -0.395), satisfaction with the organization (r = -0.337) and psychosocial well-being (r = -0.267). A regression model showed that 21% of the variance in psychophysiological distress was explained by working conditions, psychosocial well-being and adaptation to the organization.There is a relationship between the high prevalence of psychophysiological symptoms and bad working conditions of public health professionals.
Highlights
The public health reform in Chile resulted in changes in working conditions and organization of health centers
Los profesionales de enfermería reportan altos puntajes en las escalas de desgaste emocional, trato despersonalizado con colegas y usuarios, y baja realización personal, tres de los componentes del denominado síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo que ha sido ampliamente estudiado en profesionales de la salud[24,25,26]
Aun cuando no se pueden generalizar sus resultados, la alarmante prevalencia de sintomatología en relación con el trabajo sugiere prestar atención a aspectos organizacionales tales como: las condiciones físico ambientales de trabajo, las relaciones sociales en el trabajo, la satisfacción percibida con la organización, las connotaciones cognitivas y emocionales de la experiencia de trabajo, el grado en que las políticas de la organización demandan acatamiento a los criterios de eficiencia y productividad propios de los estándares del mercado
Summary
The public health reform in Chile resulted in changes in working conditions and organization of health centers. Fueron analizadas las correlaciones (r) entre las puntuaciones medias en la variable malestar psicofisiológico y las de otras variables del cuestionario: condiciones de trabajo, clima social de trabajo, satisfacción con la organización, adaptación a la organización, ideología mercantilista y bienestar psicosocial (Tabla 1).
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