Abstract
Yaks adapt to extremely low temperatures, but they are more susceptible to heat stress (HS). The adaptive mechanisms with crucial plasma protein markers regulating the response to HS remain elusive. In this study, data-independent acquisition proteomics were used to evaluate the thermal adaptability under chronic HS and thermal-neutral conditions. As a result, yaks increased body temperatures and respiratory rates in response to HS. Eight differential proteins mainly related to vasodilatation were decreased by HS, but another four proteins associated with blood oxygen delivery were presented at higher levels. Complement and coagulation cascades pathway was activated by HS, and more proteins were upregulated to protect against inflammation and oxidative stress by higher levels of antioxidant proteins. It is likely that yaks react to HS with enhancement of immunomodulation, anti-oxidation, and blood oxygen delivery, which is conducive to taking appropriate environment and nutrition management strategies to get healthy and high-performing yaks in low-altitude regions during summer.
Published Version
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