Abstract
Males [MM] of the myrmicine ant species Cardiocondyla minutior (Forel 1899) may be either winged and similar to normal ant MM in morphology and behavior, or aggressive, wingless and workerlike in external appearence ('ergatoid'). Compared to other ant MM, spermatogenesis appears to be prolonged in both male morphs, though the testes had completely degenerated in winged MM 20d after eclosion. A comparative investigation supports the hypothesis that only ergatoid MM are produced in those Cardiocondyla species that have on average large colony sizes, whereas both male morphs co-occur in species with small colony size.
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