Abstract
Malaria Surveillance - United States, 2016.
Highlights
Malaria parasites of the Plasmodium genus are transmitted through the bite of infective mosquitoes
In 2016, CDC analyzed 144 P. falciparum-positive and nine P. falciparum mixed species samples for surveillance of antimalarial resistance markers; genetic polymorphisms associated with resistance to pyrimethamine were identified in 142 (97.9%), to sulfadoxine in 98 (70.5%), to chloroquine in 67 (44.7%), to mefloquine in six (4.3%), and to atovaquone in one (
The highest numbers of malaria cases reported in the United States since malaria elimination in the 1950s were in 1970 and 1971, when 4,247 and 3,180 malaria cases were detected in the United States, predominantly among military personnel deployed to Southeast Asia
Summary
Malaria parasites of the Plasmodium genus are transmitted through the bite of infective mosquitoes. Female Anopheles species mosquitoes transmit four Plasmodium species that commonly cause illness in humans: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae. The true number of malaria illnesses is difficult to know with certainty, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 216 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide in 2016, resulting in an estimated 445,000 deaths [2]. Since 2000, the global community has funded and implemented malaria control efforts and achieved significant decreases in numbers of cases, including the prevention of millions of malaria deaths. Since 2014, a modest but steady increase has occurred in the number of malaria cases worldwide [3]
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