Making intelligence testing more scientific: Charles Spearman (1863–1945)

Abstract

Earlier articles reviewed the use of intelligence tests to resolve specific social problems. The third article addressed those with special educational needs while the fourth article focused on individuals’ military potential in war-time.In contrast, this article explores the nature of intelligence and its measurement. It features the work of Charles Spearman FRS, a former professional soldier turned academic at University College London (UCL) who was strongly influenced by the work of Francis Galton. In his turn, Spearman influenced several mid-twentieth century psychometricians who will feature in later articles.