Abstract
Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have made immense progress in recent years, owing to outstanding optoelectronic properties of perovskite materials, such as high extinction coefficient, carrier mobility, and low exciton binding energy. Since the first appearance in 2009, the efficiency of PSCs has reached 23.3%. This has made them the most promising rival to silicon-based solar cells. However, there are still several issues to resolve to promote PSCs’ outdoor applications. In this review, three crucial aspects of PSCs, including high efficiency, environmental stability, and low-cost of PSCs, are described in detail. Recent in-depth studies on different aspects are also discussed for better understanding of these issues and possible solutions.
Highlights
Due to the low efficiency and environmental problems of fossil fuels, exploring renewable energy sources to meet the increasing energy demands has become more and more important for industrial applications and human life
perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in these interfaces, for example, the barrier hindering the transportation of electrons or holes, The reasonable design of theby device structure, order to obtaincontact great properties such as energy the recombination center caused surface defects, in and insufficient between perovskite layer level matching, is one of the crucial factors affecting the performance of PSCs, apart from passivating the Grain Boundaries (GBs), to achieve a certain morphology and coverage of the perovskite film
The efficiency of PSCs has been raised from 3.8% to 23.3% in just nine years, which is quite impressive compared to other thin-film solar cells that have been developed for decades
Summary
Due to the low efficiency and environmental problems of fossil fuels, exploring renewable energy sources to meet the increasing energy demands has become more and more important for industrial applications and human life. In 2018, an extraordinary efficiency of 23.3% was achieved and, to the best of our knowledge, with extremely low cost [5]. Significant progress has been made in the last decade, and PSCs have been regarded as a strong competitor for silicon-based solar cells. The commercialization progress of PSCs remains competitor for silicon-based solar cells. The commercialization progress of PSCs remains extremely slow This can be ascribed to the following three aspects. The stability of PSCs cannot rival other commercialized solar cells because of the short lifetime spans. Even though the cost of PSCs is already lower solar cells because of the short lifetime spans.
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