Abstract
The maintenance schedule planning of hydro plant generating units is a subject of great interest to several agents in the energy industry. A correct approach for this problem can prevent the degradation of physical assets and minimize the probability of forced shutdowns of their equipment. In addition to these factors, due particularities of the Brazilian system, the operational strategies of its agents are also affected by the maintenance schedule of the generating units. This occurs due to the Availability Factor (AFA), which is directly influenced by the hours of maintenance performed at the plant and, in case of a performance below the stipulated in the concession contracts, it can lead to financial losses or administrative sanctions applied by the regulatory agent. With this motivation in mind, the present work proposes a methodology for Generator Maintenance Scheduling (GMS) of a hydroelectric plant, developing a mathematical model to determine the ideal moment to perform maintenance, considering operational restrictions and regulatory aspects of hydroelectric plants. The optimization methodology proposed for this problem is done through mixed-integer linear programming, where the integer variables consist of the operating state and start date of maintenance of each generating unit. In the end, to validate the proposed modeling, a case study is carried out for a real large plant in the Brazilian system.
Highlights
B RAZIL has most of the electricity generated from renewable sources, where generation by Hydroelectric Plants (HP) leads with the highest percentage, reaching 64.9 % of the Brazilian electric matrix [1]
The hydroelectric plants connected to the National Interconnected System (NIS) and dispatched centrally by the Independent System Operator (ISO) participate in the Energy Reallocation Mechanism (ERM), created due to the hydrological risk existing because of the large territorial extensions of the country, where there are hydrological differences between the regions, with dry and humid periods not coincident [2] [3]
The [18] works, on the other hand, compare the results found using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) model with hybrid models of Genetic Algorithms (GA) with Simulated Annealing (SA)
Summary
B RAZIL has most of the electricity generated from renewable sources, where generation by Hydroelectric Plants (HP) leads with the highest percentage, reaching 64.9 % of the Brazilian electric matrix [1]. Due to the existence of large plants and spread over the extensive national territory, the National Interconnected System (NIS) was created, which is a coordination and control system, formed by the South, Southeast/Midwest, Northeast and most subsystems from the North, providing energy transmission between subsystems and enabling an economical and secure system. The hydroelectric plants connected to the NIS and dispatched centrally by the Independent System Operator (ISO) participate in the Energy Reallocation Mechanism (ERM), created due to the hydrological risk existing because of the large territorial extensions of the country, where there are hydrological differences between the regions, with dry and humid periods not coincident [2] [3]. The ERM is a financial mechanism with the objective of sharing hydrological risk among hydroelectric generators, ensuring the optimization of the operation of the hydrothermal system throughout the year [4].
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