Magneto-thermogravitational convection for hybrid nanofluid in a novel shaped enclosure

Abstract

The proposed work exhibits a numerical simulation of steady thermogravitational convection of Cu–Al2O3(50%−50%) water hybrid magneto-nanofluid in a novel shaped enclosure regulated by magnetic field dependent (MFD) viscosity in presence of flush mounted variable heaters. Various cases (Case-I to Case-IV) have been considered depending on the location of the heaters on the bottom and left boundaries. Pertaining to this analysis, the streamfunction (ψ)- vorticity (ζ) form including the energy transport equation of coupled partial differential equations are evaluated with the help of an efficient higher order compact finite difference scheme. Results are exhibited in terms of streamlines, isotherms and Nusselt numbers to describe the transport phenomena obtained for different physical parametric values to this simulation. The influence of the physical parameters such as, Rayleigh number (104≤Ra≤106), Hartmann number (0≤Ha≤60), hybrid nanoparticles volume fraction (0≤ϕhnp≤0.04), orientation of magnetic field (00≤γ≤600) and magnetic number (0≤δ0≤1) on the hybrid nanofluid flow and energy transfer are analyzed. Obtained results indicate that the combinations of the heaters location and the shaped of the geometry have major impact on all the transport phenomena. Moreover, Cu–Al2O3 hybrid nanoparticles play an essential role to levitate the thermal transmission compared to other physical parameters. An addition of hybrid nanoparticles leads to an increase in the average Nusselt number up to 10.8% in Case-I, 12% in Case-II, 11.66% in Case-III and 11.65% in Case-IV. The novelty of the present work is to examine the rheological properties of hybrid nanoliquid in a novel shaped cavity subjected to magnetic field dependent viscosity (MFDV) along with flush mounted variable heaters.