Abstract
Organisms have been exposed to the geomagnetic field (GMF) throughout evolutionary history. Exposure to the hypomagnetic field (HMF) by deep magnetic shielding has recently been suggested to have a negative effect on the structure and function of the central nervous system, particularly during early development. Although changes in cell growth and differentiation have been observed in the HMF, the effects of the HMF on cell cycle progression still remain unclear. Here we show that continuous HMF exposure significantly increases the proliferation of human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. The acceleration of proliferation results from a forward shift of the cell cycle in G1-phase. The G2/M-phase progression is not affected in the HMF. Our data is the first to demonstrate that the HMF can stimulate the proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells by promoting cell cycle progression in the G1-phase. This provides a novel way to study the mechanism of cells in response to changes of environmental magnetic field including the GMF.
Highlights
All living organisms experience the action of the geomagnetic field (GMF, 50 mT)
After 48 h incubation, no obvious difference in cell morphology was observed between the hypomagnetic field (HMF)-exposed cells and the GMF controls
For the groups with 1.06104 cells/cm2 and 2.06104 cells/cm2 seeding densities, the final cell densities in the HMF were higher than the GMF controls (Figure 2)
Summary
All living organisms experience the action of the geomagnetic field (GMF, , 50 mT). A number of experiments have made it obvious that removal of the GMF, i.e. hypomagnetic field (HMF), greatly disturbs the functional state of organisms [3,4,5,6]. The environmental magnetic field of outer space is much lower than the GMF and meets the HMF condition: ,6.6 nT in interplanetary space [7], ,300 nT on the moon surface [8], and 0–700 nT 200 km above the ground on Mars [9]. Given the reported adverse impacts of the HMF on many aspects of the living organisms, especially the functions of the central nervous system (CNS), astronauts are exposed to the HMF and to potential health risks during interplanetary navigation. An interest in developing ways to counteract the effects of the HMF has arisen, primarily through the study of bio-hypomagnetic responses at the molecular and cellular levels
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