Magnetic nanoparticles as sorbent for preconcentration and determination of lead in fish and water samples

Abstract

In the present work, a procedure for the preconcentration and determination of lead trace amounts of lead in fish species and water samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF AAS) is proposed, which is based on the batch solid phase extraction of lead ions by modified magnetic nanoparticles. An optimization process was performed using two-level fractional factorial designs (24-1) and a Box–Behnken matrix. Four variables (pH of solution, nanoparticles mass, morin mass, and shaking time) were regarded as factors in the optimization. The detection limit of the proposed method was found to be 81.0 ng/l. Six samples of fish and three samples of water (tap, river, and lake) were analyzed for lead. The lead contents ranged in fish from 0.013 to 0.038 μg/g and in water from 7.1 to 9.0 μg/l.