Magnetic nanoparticles: A novel adjunct for dentistry

Abstract

Magneticnanoparticles(MNPs), a type of nanocarriers have attracted attention in the area of drug delivery with wide diagnostic and therapeutic applications mainly due its unique physicochemical properties and its ability to function at both molecular and cellular level.The other property of MNPs that have contributed to its popularization is target specific cellular action that reduces the systemic cytotoxicity of the compound. Hence in recent years nanoparticles and magnetic forces are used in dentistry to deliver medications to prevent and treat dental diseases. The MNPs based therapies are very effective against bacterial and fungal pathogens which are resistant to conventional antibiotic therapy. In the area of esthetic dentistry the concept of MNPs has improved the dental material translucency and wear resistance. The use of MNPs in various form of dental drug delivery system has reduced the incidence of dental caries formation and endodontic and periodontal pathologies. The addition of MNPs in dental composite material and dental adhesive has inhibited the biofilm formation. In this chapter, bird’s eye focus on the applications of magnetic nanoparticles in dentistry, its biocompatibility and safety is summarized.