Magnetic field analysis in a diamond anvil cell for Meissner effect measurement by using the diamond NV– center**Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFA0305900) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11774126, 11674404, and 51772125).

Abstract

Diamond negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV–) centers provide an opportunity for the measurement of the Meissner effect on extremely small samples in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) due to their high sensitivity in detecting the tiny change of magnetic field. We report on the variation of magnetic field distribution in a DAC as a sample transforms from normal to superconducting state by using finite element analysis. The results show that the magnetic flux density has the largest change on the sidewall of the sample, where NV– centers can detect the strongest signal variation of the magnetic field. In addition, we study the effect of magnetic coil placement on the magnetic field variation. It is found that the optimal position for the coil to generate the greatest change in magnetic field strength is at the place as close to the sample as possible.