Magnetic fabric of deformed Quaternary sediments: contributions to the understanding of the neotectonic activity in the surroundings of the Aburrá Valley, Central Cordillera, Colombia

Abstract

The origin of the Aburrá Valley (AV) is proposed as a set of coalescent tectonic subbasins located along the northern portion of the Central Cordillera of Colombia, the Northern Andes of Colombia. The Itagüí, Medellín, Bello, and Barbosa subbasins have developed between the Romeral Shear Zone (RSZ) and the Antioqueño Batholith starting in the Late Cenozoic. The aim of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the AV neotectonic framework using the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) and structural analysis. For this, we measure the magnetic fabric ellipsoid shape of faulted sediments and compare them with the geometry and kinematics of fault planes to determine their relationship with the present-day stress field and the regional fault architecture. The principal directions of the elongation axes along the La Brizuela and Yarumalito sites were NE-SW, following the magnetic lineation trend and marking a normal displacement with a dextral component. A marked NW-SE magnetic cleavage was found for the La Caimana site along a strike-slip tectonic setting. Holocene ruptures of the principal displacement zone (i.e., the RSZ) and their surroundings, may indicate normal faulting, with fault bends and steps over basins controlled primarily by R´ and P structures. Moreover, the active faults located to the east of the AV indicate post Plio-Pleistocene deformations with normal faulting through 90/80 to 150/70 antithetic faults. This work identifies the AMS technique as a powerful tool, for understanding the neotectonic framework along urban and surrounding areas.