Abstract
So far, no coherent and convincing theory has been developed to fully explain the pathogenesis of migraine, although many researchers and experts emphasize its association with spreading cortical depression, oxidative stress, vascular changes, nervous excitement, neurotransmitter release, and electrolyte disturbances. The contribution of magnesium deficiency to the induction of cortical depression or abnormal glutamatergic neurotransmission is a likely mechanism of the magnesium–migraine relationship. Hence, there is interest in various methods of assessing magnesium ion deficiency and attempts to study the relationship of its intra- and extracellular levels with the induction of migraine attacks. At the same time, many clinicians believe that magnesium supplementation in the right dose and form can be a treatment to prevent migraine attacks, especially in those patients who have identified contraindications to standard medications or their different preferences. However, there are no reliable publications confirming the role of magnesium deficiency in the diet as a factor causing migraine attacks. It also seems interesting to deepen the research on the administration of high doses of magnesium intravenously during migraine attacks. The aim of the study was to discuss the probable mechanisms of correlation of magnesium deficiency with migraine, as well as to present the current clinical proposals for the use of various magnesium preparations in complementary or substitute pharmacotherapy of migraine. The summary of the results of research and clinical observations to date gives hope of finding a trigger for migraine attacks (especially migraine with aura), which may turn out to be easy to diagnose and eliminate with pharmacological and dietary supplementation.
Highlights
Accepted: 3 March 2022Migraine is a neurological disease characterized by severe attacks of headache with hypersensitivity to light, sounds, and most often with nausea and vomiting [1]
We considered the role of magnesium in the pathogenesis of migraine and its usefulness in the migraine treatment
Changes observed in migraine, such as disturbances in regional cerebral flow and cortical spreading depression, and oxidative stress with the activity of the brainstem [40–42] might be connected with electrolyte and magnesium disturbances, which may play a key role in the pathogenesis of migraines
Summary
Migraine is a neurological disease characterized by severe attacks of headache with hypersensitivity to light, sounds, and most often with nausea and vomiting [1] This disease reduces quality of life and weakens production capacity [2,3]. Has recently confirmed that we can identify these triggers as related to the appearance of headaches in people with migraine We considered the role of magnesium in the pathogenesis of migraine and its usefulness in the migraine treatment For this purpose, we took into account the articles that dealt with the above problem and, at the same time, based on the current studies of on the pathogenetic role of magnesium
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