Abstract
We formulate macroscopic quantum electrodynamics in the most general linear, absorbing media. In particular, Onsager reciprocity is not assumed to hold. The field quantization is based on the source-quantity representation of the electromagnetic field in terms of the dyadic Green's tensor. For media with a nonlocal response, a description in terms of a complex conductivity tensor is employed. As an alternative description, we introduce the permittivity, permeability and magnetoelectric susceptibilities to obtain an explicitly duality-invariant scheme. We find that duality invariance only holds as a continuous symmetry when nonreciprocal responses are allowed for.
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