Abstract
The modern data on structure and the functional activity of macrophages are presented in the review. It is shown that they arethe nonhomogeneous cell population. Two of their main subpopulations are presented as M1 and M2 phenotypes which performopposite functions at inflammation development. The main attention in the review is paid to a role of macrophages in pathogenesisof atherosclerosis and, first, in formation of unstable atherosclerotic plaques which are the cause of the most severe complicationsof the disease. It is shown that main subpopulations of macrophages play different roles in formation of unstable and stable atheroscleroticplaques. Macrophages of M1 phenotype in the vascular wall carry out pro-atherogenic role and influence destabilizationof an atherosclerotic plaque, while M2 macrophages perform atheroprotective function.
Highlights
the functional activity of macrophages are presented in the review
of their main subpopulations are presented as M1
The main attention in the review is paid to a role of macrophages
Summary
Уже давно и заслуженно большое значение придается роли моноцитов-макрофагов в развитии атеросклеротических поражений [1,2,3]. Что макрофаги играют ключевую роль в формировании атеросклеротических поражений и в развитии воспалительных реакций в сосудистой стенке. [6] показали, что популяция макрофагов в сосудистой стенке не является однородной. Возможно, являются секреторными и участвуют в реакциях иммунного воспаления [6].
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