Abstract
Macrophage Polarization and TCM Intervention
Highlights
Macrophages are solely derived from monocytes and can be generated during embryonic development and adult stages [1]
In the case of external challenges such as infection or injury, macrophages are converted to an M1 phenotype in which they release cytokines, chemokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS), conferring macrophages with host defense to clear pathogens
Macrophages can alternatively convert to M2 phenotype in which they appear to suppress the pro-inflammatory cascades and promote tissue repair
Summary
Macrophages are solely derived from monocytes and can be generated during embryonic development and adult stages [1]. Macrophages are the critical effect cells of innate immunity and display a broad range of plasticity [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. Macrophages can alternatively convert to M2 phenotype in which they appear to suppress the pro-inflammatory cascades and promote tissue repair. If these processes are not tightly regulated, chronic inflammation can cause tissue damage and often lead to various pathological conditions [12,13,14].
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