Abstract
Several clinical trials are exploring therapeutic effect of human CD34+ cells in ischemic diseases, including myocardial infarction. Unfortunately, most of the cells die few days after delivery. Herein we show that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-treated human umbilical cord blood-derived CD34+ cells cultured under hypoxic and serum-deprived conditions present 2.2-fold and 1.3-fold higher survival relatively to non-treated cells and prostaglandin E2-treated cells, respectively. The pro-survival effect of LPA is concentration- and time-dependent and it is mediated by the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor γ (PPARγ) and downstream, by the activation of pro-survival ERK and Akt signaling pathways and the inhibition of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. In hypoxia and serum-deprived culture conditions, LPA induces CD34+ cell proliferation without maintaining the their undifferentiating state, and enhances IL-8, IL-6 and G-CSF secretion during the first 12 h compared to non-treated cells. LPA-treated CD34+ cells delivered in fibrin gels have enhanced survival and improved cardiac fractional shortening at 2 weeks on rat infarcted hearts as compared to hearts treated with placebo. We have developed a new platform to enhance the survival of CD34+ cells using a natural and cost-effective ligand and demonstrated its utility in the preservation of the functionality of the heart after infarction.
Highlights
IntroductionSome methodologies have been proposed to augment cell survival in ischemic conditions including the exposure of donor cells to temperature shock, genetic modification to overexpress growth factors, transduction of anti-apoptotic proteins, co-transplant of cells, or preconditioning the cells with pharmacological agents and cytokines (reviewed in refs 7,8)
Of nutrient and oxygen transport until angiogenesis provides a vasculature
The results indicate that the pro-survival effect of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is observed in cells encapsulated in fibrin gels
Summary
Some methodologies have been proposed to augment cell survival in ischemic conditions including the exposure of donor cells to temperature shock, genetic modification to overexpress growth factors, transduction of anti-apoptotic proteins, co-transplant of cells, or preconditioning the cells with pharmacological agents and cytokines (reviewed in refs 7,8) Despite these advances, the proposed methodologies have shown limited effectiveness due to the multi-factorial nature of cell death[7], some of them are not cost-effective (for example the ones involving recombinant proteins) or are difficult to implement from a regulatory stand-point (for example genetic manipulation of the cells[4], co-transplant of cells that are processed in the laboratory[9]). We have evaluated in vivo CD34+ cell survival and its therapeutic effect in the preservation of cardiac function
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