Lymphoepithelial carcinoma of nasal cavity and sinuses: An analysis of survival stratified by demographic features.

Abstract

169 Background: Lymphoepithelial carcinoma is a rare type of cancer that can often impact the nasal cavity and sinuses. It is characterized by poor differentiation of epithelial cells and an abundance of lymphocytes. Clinically, it is hard to distinguish from other cancers, and surgical management is considered the standard of care. Using patient information found in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER), this study identifies associations between survival rates and demographic factors. Previous research has not examined these relationships, so this study seeks to fill this gap in knowledge and better understand survival outcomes. Methods: We identified 4,114 patients with lymphoepithelial carcinoma in the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus. 3,234 patients were later used in the survival analysis, which excludes patients who are alive with no survival time and cases labeled as “All Death Certificate Only and Autopsy Only”. Demographic factors examined include: age, race, gender, median income, and treatment. We then used survival, frequency, and rate tables to measure survival outcomes. Survival tables determined 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5-year survival rates. The nasal cavity and maxillary sinus were selected as sites to focus on since they were consistent with the ICD 8082 classification. The SeerStat software was used in the analysis. Results: The study had more male (60.7%) than female (39.3%) patients, and patients were mainly White (76%), compared to Black (12.6%), Asian (10.3%), American Indian (.632%), and Unknown (.486%). Most individuals (73.6%) were over the age of 55 when the diagnosis was made. For surgical treatment, no discrepancies were identified among racial groups. However, differences were noted in other areas. Survival tables still revealed differences in 5-year survival rate by race (Table 1). The Unknown group had the highest survival rate (67.3%, z= 1.898), followed by Asian (48.8%, z= 1.854), White (42.5%, z= -0.165), Black (38.9%, z= -1.303), and American Indian (28.7%, z= -2.087). Meanwhile, 5-year survival for males and females were 41.1% and 44.1% respectively. Conclusions: This is the first SEER study focusing on correlations between demographic characteristics and survival outcomes for patients with this type of cancer. Given the variance in 5-year survival rates, future research should investigate for differences in the long-term management of lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus.[Table: see text]