Abstract
Abstract. Most of the lunar surface area has been observed from different viewing conditions thanks to the on-orbit work of lunar orbiters, a large amount of images are available for photogrammetric three-dimensional mapping, which is an important issue for lunar exploration. Theoretically, multi-view images contain more information than a single stereo pair and can get better 3D mapping results. In this paper, the semi-global matching method is applied to the object space, and the steps of cost calculation, cost aggregation, and elevation calculation are performed to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates directly. Compared with the traditional image-based semi-global matching method, the object-based semi-global method is more easily extended to multi-view images, which is beneficial for applying multi-view image information. In addition, it does not require steps such as stereo rectification and forward intersection, that is, the overall pipeline is more elegant. Using the LRO NAC images covering Apollo 11 landing area as the experimental data, the result shows that the object-based semi-global matching is competent for the multi-view image matching and the multi-view image result achieves higher accuracy and more details than the single stereo pair. Furthermore, the experimental results of Zhinyu crater data show that this method can also alleviate the uncertainty of the lunar orbiter's positioning to some extent.
Highlights
Topographic reconstruction of the lunar surface is critical to engineering applications and scientific research (Karachevtseva et al, 2013; Wu et al, 2014)
Using HiRISE and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) Narrow-Angle Camera (NAC) images as the experimental data, the results show that the accuracies of the digital elevation model (DEM) generated by the least-squares matching method developed in DM and the DEM generated by Ames Stereo Pipeline (ASP) are similar (Re et al, 2012a, 2012b)
M184732140LE and M184724991RE form small overlapping stereo images, which may influence the completeness and correctness of generated DEM, becomes a problem in generating DEM. We regard these images as multi-view images rather than a stereo pair that require three stereo models according to the image overlap situation when we use the object-based semi-global matching method to generate DEM
Summary
Topographic reconstruction of the lunar surface is critical to engineering applications and scientific research (Karachevtseva et al, 2013; Wu et al, 2014). There are two types of data sources including laser altimetry data and stereo image data for lunar topographic reconstruction. Derived DEM from stereo images can achieve better spatial resolution relative to laser altimetry data. In the past two decades, the United States, China, Japan, India, and other countries have carried out many lunar exploration missions and obtained a large amount of image data that can be used for lunar terrain reconstruction. Among the recent orbital data, the highest-resolution lunar orbital imagery is achieved by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) Narrow-Angle Camera (NAC) (Robinson et al, 2010). The LROC NAC images have covered nearly the entire lunar surface with a resolution of 0.5– 2.0 m
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