Abstract
It is well known that the information capacity of a lightwave communication system is ultimately limited by the nonlinear interactions between the information signals and the fiber medium. These optical non-linear interactions can lead to interference, distortion, and attenuation of the signals, resulting in system degradation. There are four types of non-linear interactions in optical fibers. (1) stimulated Raman scattering (SRS); (2) stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS); (3) self-and cross phase modulation (SPM and CPM), and (4) four-photon mixing (FPM). These nonlinear effects degrade both the single channel and multichannel systems in different ways. The SBS and FPM effects depend on the signal modulation format and detection schemes (direct or coherent) respectively and whereas the SPM and CPM effects are of concern in angle modulated systems. The effects of SRS, CPM, and FPM induce interchannel crosstalk in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems and affects the system capacity. In this paper, the effects of nonlinearities in lightwave communication systems are reviewed with the emphasis on recent developments. Additionally, techniques to minimize the effects of nonlinearities are discussed.
Published Version
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call