Abstract
This qualitative study delved into the contemporary meaning of aikido through 20 expert interviews conducted in 2020. The interviewees were purposively selected and the analysis of the interview data identified five spectrum themes. (1) The spectrum of aikido practice ranges from soft to tough training style. (2) The aikido motivation spectrum moves from self-defence to self-transformation. (3) The spectrum of aikido in society shows the different social contexts in which aikido is practised. (4) The spectrum of tangible values reveals the various material aspects of Japanese culture that experts adopt. Finally, (5) the spectrum of intangible values shows how experts perceive the immaterial significance of aikido differently. While the answers of the experts varied, the analysis revealed similarities and differences that prove aikido is a worldwide phenomenon with unique experiences. The study concludes that the five spectrums of variation add to the discourse against simplifying aikido or other martial arts.
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