Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the inhibition of oxidative stress related enzymes of aqueous acetone extracts, as well as antibacterial activity from five <em>Indigofera</em> species well-known medicinal plant from Burkina. Also are investigated in this study the potential contribution of tannins and of flavonol in these activities Particularly, aqueous acetone extracts were investigated for their Lipoxygenase (LOX), Xanthine Oxidase (XO) and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitions that are implied in inflammation, gout and Alzheimer’s etiology diseases. Interestingly, <em>I. macrocalyx</em> which had the highest flavonol content (of all) showed more inhibition against LOX and XO (51.16 and 77.33% respectively). Our study showed a significant correlation between XO inhibition and total flavonol content (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9052). AChE was low sensible to all extracts. In contrast, the extracts were rich in tannin compounds especially in <em>I. tinctoria</em> extract. And results of the in vitro antibacterial activities of these extracts against five bacteria showed that all bacteria were sensible to all extracts particularly <em>S. typhimurium</em> and <em>B. cereus</em>. Our results suggest that the five studied species prove to be good sources of inhibition of the three enzymes involved in oxidative stress and also to have some antibacterial properties. That is what probably explains their uses in folk medicine, singularly, in the treatment of gout, dysentery and anti-inflammatory diseases.
Highlights
Xanthine Oxidase (XO), Lipoxygenase (LOX) and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) are enzymes involved in various oxidative stress diseases such as gout (Owen and Timothy, 1999) and Alzheimer's disease (Cole et al, 2005; Ferreira et al, 2006) and they are quiet implicated in several inflammatory processes (Wangensteen et al, 2006; Ziakas et al, 2006).there is an increasing resistance of microorganisms against available antimicrobial agents and that is of major concern among scientists and clinicians worldwide
Our results suggest that the five studied species prove to be good sources of inhibition of the three enzymes involved in oxidative stress and to have some antibacterial properties
The present study evaluates the biological activities of five Indigofera species related to their enzyme inhibition, their antimicrobial activities and their composition in tannins and flavonols
Summary
Xanthine Oxidase (XO), Lipoxygenase (LOX) and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) are enzymes involved in various oxidative stress diseases such as gout (Owen and Timothy, 1999) and Alzheimer's disease (Cole et al, 2005; Ferreira et al, 2006) and they are quiet implicated in several inflammatory processes (Wangensteen et al, 2006; Ziakas et al, 2006).there is an increasing resistance of microorganisms against available antimicrobial agents and that is of major concern among scientists and clinicians worldwide. It is generally observed that pathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa are more and more difficult to treat with the existing drugs (Koomen et al, 2002). In this current medical context, there is a constant need for new products to manage numerous infectious diseases such as tuberculoses, diarrhoeas, skin diseases, malaria as well as related oxidative stress diseases like gout, cancers, diabetes, arterioscleroses, rheumatisms, Alzheimer's and cardiovascular diseases (Halliwell and Guteride, 1990; Sweeney et al, 2001). Indigofera macrocalyx Guild et Perr., Indigofera nigritana Hook f., Indigofera pulchra wild. and Indigofera tinctoria L. have intensive popular use in the treatment of various diseases as malaria, dysentery, constipation, stomach ache, fatigue, skin disease and wounds (Abubakar et al, 2007; Nacoulma, 1996; Perumal Samy et al, 1998)
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